Resveratrol and pterostilbene are both compounds naturally produced in plants. They are known for their potential health benefits in diabetes, cancer, and heart disease. These potential benefits are mostly due mostly to their antioxidant effects. Antioxidants help protect the body from cell damage. We will review some of the science supporting the potential benefits of these compounds.
Resveratrol: a well-known antioxidant
Aging is a risk factor for several chronic conditions. As we age the chances of getting heart disease, cancer, and cognitive disorders increases. Polyphenols like resveratrol may aid in preventing the development of these diseases. Resveratrol acts as an antioxidant by stopping the production of free radicals. For this reason, resveratrol is thought to help prevent several chronic conditions. Resveratrol is found in many foods like grapes, red wine, peanuts, and blueberries. It is most prevalent in red grapes. Learn how resveratrol contributes to healthy aging and supports overall wellness through insights from Healthnews.
Resveratrol and cognitive function
Resveratrol may improve cognitive function as it relates to Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease causes progressive cognitive decline. A review of 5 clinical trials found that resveratrol improved memory and mood function in 271 patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Results were seen in as little as 12 weeks and up to 52 weeks. It is important to note that various doses of resveratrol were used in these studies. Dosages ranged from 5 to 500 milligrams (mg) per day. There is no specific dose recommended for use in Alzheimer’s disease.
Resveratrol and cancer
Resveratrol may also be beneficial in cancer. It has been proposed that it impacts various stages of cancer such as cell death and stopping radical oxygen species. However, there are not many human trials evaluating its efficacy in cancer.
Resveratrol and heart health
As it relates to heart disease, resveratrol may have a protective effect. There is some evidence supporting the use of resveratrol in various heart conditions. It may reduce inflammation and slow the stiffening of arteries in the heart. It can also potentially help improve blood flow to the heart by helping blood vessels relax. This may help in the management of high blood pressure. Doses of resveratrol ranged from 5 mg to 5,000 mg per day in the studies. Length of use of the supplement also varied widely across the studies.
Resveratrol and insulin sensitivity
Resveratrol is also associated with improving insulin resistance. This was reported in a review study on resveratrol use in humans and animals with type two diabetes. Resveratrol at doses between 2.5−400 mg/kg for 1–6 months improved insulin sensitivity in individuals and animals.
More human research is needed in all these areas to confirm resveratrol’s benefits.
Pterostilbene: a potent analog of resveratrol
Pterostilbene is another bioactive compound found in grapes and other foods like blueberries. It is similar in structure to resveratrol. Pterostilbene works to fight free radical damage associated with chronic diseases and aging.
Pterostilbene may be beneficial in fighting cancer, diabetes, and heart conditions. Having high cholesterol is a risk factor for developing heart disease. In mice, Pterostilbene was shown to reduce the size of the clot causing a heart attack by 22%. The mice were given a diet rich in blueberries for three months.
Pterostilbene and cancer
In several studies, Pterostilbene has been found to stop the growth of cancer cells in a variety of cancers. Cancers include stomach, skin, lung, liver, breast, and prostate. It may also help fight the spread of cancer. When given with the drug Quercetin, one study demonstrated that pterostilbene helped to slow the growth of skin cancer in rats.
Pterostilbene and immune health
Pterostilbene may also potentially enhance the immune system. Pterostilbene showed an antiviral effect in human cells of people diagnosed with COVID-19. The antiviral effect lasted for up to 48 hours. More clinical trials are needed to assess its potential use in the treatment of COVID-19.
Pterostilbene and aging
As it relates to aging, research for pterostilbene as an anti-aging agent is still ongoing. It is thought that pterostilbene works by regulating inflammation and oxidative damage. It is also thought to potentially help with brain disorders. This is due to its ability to be easily absorbed by the brain.
Comparing resveratrol vs pterostilbene
When comparing resveratrol and pterostilbene, there are some important things to consider. One important thing is how the products are absorbed in the body. Next is their potential to manage health conditions. Both compounds have similar properties. They both have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, they both may be beneficial in several health conditions.
Although similar, the properties of pterostilbene appear to be stronger than resveratrol. This is because pterostilbene is generally better absorbed by the body and brain. It is also more stable compared to resveratrol.
Choosing the right supplement
There are a variety of resveratrol and pterostilbene supplements available on the market. A few tips for selecting the safest and highest quality product include:
- Manufacturing conditions. Look for products manufactured following Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). Manufacturers following cGMP adhere to the FDA requirements for producing high quality products. These regulations ensure that the supplement is safe to use. Additionally, the ingredients listed on the label are what is in the product.
- Ingredients. Read the label closely. Check to see if the product contains any fillers or allergens that you may need to avoid.
- Bold health claims. Avoid selecting products with bold claims such as curing or treating a disease. These supplements are not proven to support these claims.
When it comes to a dose, there is not a recommended daily dose of either supplement. In general, research has shown that resveratrol and pterostilbene are safe in humans. In a study of 40 individuals, resveratrol was found to be safe after daily doses of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 g for 29 days.
A study in 80 individuals found that doses of up to 250 mg per day of pterostilbene can be safe. Common side effects of pterostilbene include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
While both supplements are generally considered safe, individuals may experience side effects. Common side effects of resveratrol include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. This was typically seen at doses of 2.5 grams per day and greater. When choosing the best resveratrol supplements, consider starting with the lowest dose.
Length of use
There is no recommended length of time to take either supplement. Follow the recommendations for dosing on the manufacturer’s label exactly. This will help ensure that you receive the maximum benefit from the supplement.
Conclusion
Resveratrol and pterostilbene both have antioxidant properties and promising health benefits. Before taking any new supplement consult with your healthcare provider. Let them know about other medications or supplements that you are taking. Resveratrol and pterostilbene may help with inflammation, preventing cancer, and managing certain conditions. More research in humans is needed to establish their exact role.
